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Monthly Silent Film Series
For schedule of events, please check our calendar page.

ABOUT THE SILENT FILMS:
THE CABINET OF DR. CALIGARI: Directed by Robert Wiene (1923)
The most brilliant example of that dark and twisted film movement known
as German expressionism, The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari is a plunge into
the mind of insanity that severs all ties with the rational world.
Werner Krauss stars as a deranged hypnotist who spreads death through
the countryside from a ramshackle traveling carnival. Before the naive
eyes of the townspeople, he unveils the contents of his coffin-like
cabinet: Cesare (Conrad Veidt), a spidery sleepwalker who obeys his
every command. But at night, once the crowds have dispersed, Caligari
lifts the lid on darker intentions, unleashing the dreadful Cesare to
act upon his master’s murderous whims and carnal desires.
In making Caligari, director Robert Wiene and designers Warm, Reimann
and Röhrig crafted a nightmare realm
in which light, shadow and substance are abstracted, a world in which a
demented doctor and a carnival sleepwalker perpetuate a series of
murders in a small community. They combined techniques of painting,
theatre and film to conjure a nightmare world of splintered reality ...
boldly creating a visual representation of insanity ... taking the art
of cinema a lengthy stride into unexplored stylistic and psychological
terrain, hinting at the terrifying power the medium might possess.
The edition that will be presented is color tinted in several shades
of blue, brown, rose & green according to one of the color plans
followed in the film’s different releases during the silent era.
Accurate new English translation titles are graphic reproductions of the
beautiful hand-painted Expressionist titles which were an especially
striking feature of the 1920 release (although they had been replaced by
plain white-on-black titles by 1923, even in Germany, in an effort to
"normalize" the film).
THE GENERAL: Starring Buster Keaton (1927)
Union solders have stolen The General, a
Confederate train manned by Johnnie Gray (Keaton), who was unable to
enlist in the Confederate army because he is needed as an engineer. The
Union plans to use the train to supply its soldiers in a sneak attack
against the Confederates. But now it's up to Gray and his love, Annabelle
Lee, to reclaim The General, recross enemy lines, and warn the
Confederates.
Although "The General" was widely panned by critics in 1927 for being "too
serious", Buster Keaton called the film "my personal best" later in life.
Today the silent classic, based on a true Civil War tale, is one of
Keaton's most popular films ever.
METROPOLIS: Directed by Fritz Lang
(1922)
The biggest production of
the silent era, using nearly 37,000 actors, Metropolis is a melange of
love story, melodrama and social commentary. Set in the year 2000, the
story takes place in a highly industrialized city that is ruled by a
heartless capitalist who, by the film's end, is reconciled with labor
through the power of love. The film was widely criticized upon its
release for its sociopolitical content.
As a work of visual art, Metropolis has had a tremendous impact on
cinema. Its art nouveau sets, futuristic creations, geometric patterns
formed by the movements of huge masses of actors, and use of model
buildings to create the appearance of an enormous city were
revolutionary.
Shortly after making the film, director Lang fled
his homeland when Hitler's propaganda minister asked him to head the
German film industry. Lang spent the next 20 years making films in
Hollywood before returning to Germany.
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THE PHANTOM OF THE OPERA: Starring Lon Chaney (1925),
directed by Rupert Julian.
Undeniably Chaney's most famous role. Lon Chaney, an American
actor, was known as "the man of a thousand faces," due to his
ground-breaking artistry with make-up. The film has inspired five
remakes (in 1943, 1962, 1983, 1989, and 1990), numerous rip-offs,
and the blockbuster Andrew Lloyd Weber musical. It is listed by most
historians as one of the 10 greatest films of all time.
When the film debuted in 1925 The New York Times wrote:
"THE PHANTOM OF THE OPERA is an ultra fantastic melodrama, an
ambitious production in which there is much to marvel at in the scenic
effects...Lon Chaney impersonates the Phantom. It is a role suited to
his liking, and one which he handles with a certain skill, a little
exaggerated at times, but none the less compelling...The most dramatic
touch is where Christine in the cellar abode is listening to the
masked Phantom as he plays the organ. Then she steals up behind him
and...suddenly snatches the mask from the Phantom's face...In the
theatre last night a woman behind us stifled a scream when this
happened." - New York Times, 1925 The film takes place in
the 1890's in Paris, France. The masked and facially disfigured
'Phantom' haunts the Paris Opera House, causing murder and mayhem in
an attempt to force the management to make the woman he loves
(Christine, played by Mary Philbin) a star. It is most famous for
Lon Chaney's intentionally horrific, self-applied makeup which was
kept a studio secret until the film's premier.
Plot:
The film takes place in
1890s
Paris, France. It is a mystery with romantic and
horror overtones. The film opens with the debut of
the new season at the Paris Opera House, with a
production of
Gounod's
Faust. Comte Philip de Chagny and his
brother, the Vicomte Raoul (Norman Kerry) are in
attendance. Raoul attends only in the hope of
hearing his sweetheart Christine Daee (Mary Philbin)
sing. Christine, under the tuition of an unknown and
mysterious coach, has made a sudden rise from the
chorus to understudy of the prima donna. Raoul
wishes for Christine to resign and marry him, but
she refuses their relationship to get into the way
of her career.
At the height of the most prosperous season in
the Opera's history, the management suddenly
resigns. As they leave, they tell the new managers
of the Opera Ghost, a phantom who asks for opera box
#5, among other things. The new managers laugh it
off as a joke, but the old management leave
troubled.
In the cellars of the Opera House, during a dress
rehearsal, the corps de ballet scurry around after
having caught a glimpse of the Phantom. Florine
Papillon (Snitz Edwards), a stage hand, follows them
reluctantly, shuddering at the thought of a ghost.
Meanwhile, Mme. Carlotta (Virginia
Pearson), the prima donna of the Paris Grand
Opera, barges into the managers office enraged. She
has received a letter from "The Phantom," demanding
that Christine sing the role of Marguerite the
following night, threatening dire consequences if
his demands are not met.
The ballet girls are disturbed by the sight of a
mysterious man (Arthur Edmund Carewe), who dwells in
the cellars. Arguing whether or not he is the
Phantom, they decide to ask Joseph Bouqet, a
stagehand who has actually seen the ghost's face.
Bouquet describes a ghastly sight of a living
skeleton to the girls, who are then startled by a
shadow cast on the wall. Papillon's antics do not
amuse Joseph's brother, Simon (Gibson Gowland), who
chases him off.
In Christine's dressing room, an angelic voice
calls to her from beyond the wall. He announces to
her that she will sing Marguerite in Faust and that
all of Paris will worship her, but that she must
forget all worldly things and think only of her
master.
The following day, in a garden near the Opera
House, Christine and Raoul meet. Christine explains
to Raoul that he must forget her and that her master
has told her that she must devote her life to her
art. Raoul baffled, Christine explains that the
Spirit of Music that her father had promised would
visit her has materialized and given her the gift of
song, and although she has never seen him, she must
obey him. Thinking that it is someone playing a joke
on her, Raoul laughs and offends Christine, who runs
off.
The following night, Carlotta is taken ill and
Christine sings as Marguerite. During the
performance, the managers go to Box 5 to see exactly
who has taken it. The keeper of the box does not
know who it is, as she has never seen his face. The
two managers enter the box and are startled to see a
shadowy figure seated. They run out of the box and
compose themselves, but when they enter the box
again, the person is gone.
Christine reaches her triumph during the finale
of the performance, and receives a standing ovation
from the audience. Exhausted, she faints on stage.
When Raoul visits her in her dressing room, she
pretends not to recognize him, because unbeknownst
to the rest there, the Spirit is also there. Raoul
spends the evening outside her door, and after the
others have left, just as he is about to enter, he
hears a man's voice within the room. He overhears
the voice make his intentions to Christine: "Soon,
Christine, this spirit will take form and will
demand your love!" When Christine leaves her room
alone, Raoul breaks in to find it empty.
Carlotta receives another discordant note from
the Phantom. Once again, it demands that she take
ill and let Christine have her part. The managers
also get a note, reiterating that if Christine does
not sing, they will present "Faust" in a house with
a curse on it.
The same day, the mysterious man from the cellars
visits the Prefect of Police in an attempt to keep
Mlle. Carlotta from singing. "For the present, my
identity must remain a secret," he tells the
Prefect.
The following evening, in spite of every warning,
Carlotta appears as Marguerite. At first, the
performance goes well, but soon the Phantom's curse
takes its effect, causing the great, glass
chandelier to crash down onto the audience. After
taking over the leading role from Carlotta, who has
now taken ill, Christine is entranced by a
mysterious voice through a secret door behind the
mirror in her dressing room, descending, in a
dream-like sequence, semi-conscious on horseback by
a winding staircase into the lower depths of the
Opera. She is then taken by gondola over a
subterranean lake by the masked Phantom into his
lair.
Here, in one of the most famous moments in silent
film, she makes the mistake of unmasking the Phantom
(Chaney) as he plays on the organ, thus revealing
his hideous deformity...
Released from the underground dungeon, Christine
makes a rendezvous with Raoul on the Opera roof,
observed, however, by an unseen jealous Phantom
perching on a statue. A masked-ball at the Opera is
then graced with the Phantom in the guise of the 'Red-Death'
- from the
Edgar Allan Poe tale of the same name. Raoul and
inspector Ledoux are then lured into the Phantom's
underground death-trap as he kidnaps Christine.
However, in the final sequence, he is pursued and
killed by a mob on the streets of Paris.
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NOSFERATU: A Silent Masterpiece by F.W. Murnau
The earliest surviving screen adaptation of Bram
Stoker's Dracula novel has had a long and dangerous life of its
own. Almost destroyed by Stoker's widow because of copyright
infringement, this film has outlasted many others of the silent
era.
Count Orlok's move to Bremen brings the plague traceable to his
dealings with the realtor Thomas Hutter, and the Count's obsession
with Hutter's wife, Ellen the only one with the power to end the
evil. Count Orloc moving from his ruined castle to the city of
Wisborg, after the visit of one Jonathan Harker. Once there he
becomes involved with Jonathan's fiancée Nina, who alone holds the
power to destroy him.
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THE SHOCK: (1923)
In a variation on the phony cripple performed numerous times in his career,
Chaney stars in The Shock as Wilse Dilling -- "dope-peddler, safe-cracker,
gun-man" -- a legitimately handicapped hoodlum of old San Francisco who drags
himself from the darkness of Chinatown into the redemptive sunlight of the
country, where he finds the inspiration to turn away from his life of crime.
But when the father of the woman he loves is blackmailed, Dilling must venture
back into the "whirlpool of vice and intrigue" of his criminal past, where the
thriller reaches its spectacular, earth-shaking climax.
SHADOWS:
| Lon Chaney stars as Yen Sin,
a Chinese laundryman struggling for acceptance in a
narrow-minded, coastal fishing community. When he
stumbles upon a plot to blackmail the town's minister,
Yen Sin realizes that he can no longer hide in the
shadows -- he must take a risk and confront the villain
who threatens the village's well-being.
After a woman remarries, her thought-to-be-dead
husband returns and blackmails her and her new husband.
Yen Sin helps to expose the plot so that they may
continue to live happily ever after. |
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BIRTH OF A NATION: Directed by DW Griffith (1915)
The Birth of a Nation is a controversial
silent film directed by D.W. Griffith, based on the play The Clansman and the book
The Leopard's Spots,
both by Thomas Dixon. It was released in 1915 and has been
credited with securing the future of feature length films
(any film over an hour in length) as well as solidifying the
codes of film language. The film premiered on February 8,
1915 in Los Angeles, California under the title The
Clansman, but three months later was retitled with the
present title at its world premiere in New York.
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Two brothers, Phil and Ted
Stoneman, visit their friends in Piedmont, South
Carolina: the family Cameron. This friendship is
affected by the Civil War, as the Stonemans and
the Camerons must join up opposite armies. The
consequences of the War in their lives are shown
in connection to major historical events, like the
development of the Civil War itself, Lincoln's
assassination, and the birth of the Ku Klux Klan. |
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The
controversy of the film revolves around its premise of a
post-Civil War America, (also referred to as the
Reconstruction) where the Ku Klux Klan successfully redeems
the South from "carpetbaggers" and "mulattos," perceived in
the film as evil. Even at the time of the film's release,
people vigorously protested the film. However, the success
of the film made Griffith a wealthy man. Griffith was
surprised by the harsh criticism and his next major project,
Intolerance tried to address the issues raised. The
film has been strongly linked to the creation of the second
version of the Ku Klux Klan, which, after having been
practically non-existent since 1871, was revived in the year
of this movie's release.
The Birth of a Nation was at one time the highest
grossing film of all time, taking in more than $10 million
at the box office. It remained the highest grossing film
until 1925 when the film The Big Parade surpassed it
as the highest grossing silent film of all time.
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THE LOST WORLD
(1925):
The Lost World is a 1925 silent
film adaptation of
Arthur Conan Doyle's
book of the same name. It stars
Wallace Beery as
Professor Challenger. This version was
directed by
Harry O. Hoyt and featured pioneering stop
motion special effects by
Willis O'Brien (an invaluable warm up for
his work on the original
King Kong directed by
Merian C. Cooper). The film has been deemed
"culturally significant" by the
Library of Congress and selected for
preservation in the United States
National Film Registry.
The journal of explorer Maple White is recovered from a plateau in
South America featuring sketches
of
dinosaurs, which is enough
proof for the eccentric
Professor Challenger that
dinosaurs still walk the earth.
With that, John Roxton
(sportsman), news reporter
Edward Malone (whom wishes to go
on the expedition to impress his
fiance'), Challenger and Paula
White (as well as an Indian
servant, Zambo) leave for the
plateau. They get onto the
plateau by cutting down a tree
and using it as a bridge, but it
is knocked over by a
brontosaurus, leaving them
trapped. The explorers are
shocked when they discover that
a large rock has been sent their
way by an ape-man perched on top
of a ledge. As the crew look up
to see their attacker,
Challenger spies a
Pteranodon (mistakenly
referred to as a
pterodactyl in the film)
overhead and proves that the
statement in Maple White's diary
is true. The explorers witness
various life-and-death struggles
between the prehistoric beasts
of the platue. During which, an
Allosaurus makes its way
to the camp site and attacks the
exploration party. It is finally
driven off by Ed Malone who
throws a burning torch into the
beast's mouth. Convinced that
the camp isn't safe, Ed Malone
climbs a tree to search for a
new location, but is attacked by
the ape-man. John Roxton
succeeds in shooting the ape
man, but the creature is merely
wounded and escapes before John
can finish him off. The
explorers then make preparations
to live on the plateau
potentially indefinitely. A
catapult is constructed and a in
search for Maple White, his
remains are found confirming his
death. It is at this time that
Ed confesses his love for Paula
and the two are unofficially
wed. Shortly afterwards, as the
paleontologists are observing a
Brontosaurus, it is
attacked by an allosaur and
falls of the edge of the platue,
becoming trapped in a mud bank.
Soon afterwards, a volcano
erupts, causing a mass stampede
among the giant beasts of the
prehistoric world. In the end,
the crew is saved when Paula
White's pet monkey Chico climbs
a rope up the plateau and the
crew climb down. As Ed makes his
descent, he is again attacked by
the ape-man who pulls the rope
later. The ape-man is again
shot, and this time killed, by
Sir. John Roxton. The
Brontosaurus that was pushed
off the plateau had landed
softly in the mud at the bottom
of the plateau, and Challenger
manages to bring it back to
London, as he wants to put it on
display. However, it escapes and
causes havoc until it reaches
the London Bridge, where it's
massive weight causes it to
break through, into the English
channel where it swims away.
Challenger is morose as the
creature leaves, whereas Edward
Malone discovers that the love
he left in London has married in
his absence, allowing him and
Paula to be together.
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*Posters, etc. -- by Steve Johnson (steve@lancaster.net).
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Cool movie links:
http://www.sciflicks.com/metropolis
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